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The Fall of the Alamo (1903) by Robert Jenkins Onderdonk, depicts Davy Crockett wielding his rifle as a club against Mexican troops who have breached the walls of the mission.
 Texas Timeline History
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1519: Alonso Alvarez de Pineda, a Spanish explorer, mapped the Texas coastline
1528: Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and crew were shipwrecked near Galveston and began exploration
1682: The first Spanish mission, Corpus Christi de la Isleta, established near present-day El Paso
1685: The French explorer Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, landed in Texas by mistake while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. He established the colony, Fort St. Louis, in present-day Victoria County
1687: La Salle killed by his own men
1688: Colonists killed by the Karankawa Indians
1718: The San Antonio de Valero mission, the Alamo: founded in San Antonio
1731: The civilian settlement, San Fernando de Bexar, established by a group of Canary Islanders
1766: The first recorded hurricane in Texas struck near Galveston
1829: Several groups of Irish immigrants arrived in South Texas
1830:The Mexican government passed a law stopping legal immigration into Texas from the United States except in special cases
1832: The first bloodshed of the Texas Revolution took place at Velasco
1835: The Texas Rangers organization officially established by the provisional government
1836: The Texas Declaration of Independence adopted; a 13-day siege of the Alamo by Mexican troops led by Gen. Antonio López de Santa Anna ended with all the remaining defenders killed; about 350 Texas prisoners, including Commander James Fannin, were executed at Goliad; an 18 minute battle led by Sam Houston defeated the Mexican army at San Jacinto; treaties were signed ending the Texas Revolution; the first leaders of the new republic were elected: Sam Houston as president and Lorenzo de Zavala, vice president; the first congress of the Republic of Texas convened
1837: The Republic of Texas officially recognized by the United States
1845: The U. S. Congress passed a "Joint Resolution for Annexing Texas to the United States"; Texas became the 28th state.
1846: The Battle of Palo Alto, the first major battle of the two-year Mexican War, took place near Brownsville
1848: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed ending the War with Mexico in 1850. Texas gave up its claim to land that included more than half of what is now New Mexico, about a third of Colorado, a corner of Oklahoma and a small portion of Wyoming
1861: Texas seceded from the Union; Sam Houston resigned as governor in protest
1865: The Battle of Palmito Ranch fought near Brownsville after the official end of the Civil War, as word had not yet reached Texas that the war was over; General Granger traveled to Galveston to announce that slavery had been abolished
1865: A proclamation of peace between the United States and Texas was issued
1869 A new Texas State constitution adopted
1871: Seven men in a wagon train were massacred at Salt Creek, about 20 miles west of Jacksboro, by Kiowas and Comanches led by chiefs Satanta, Big Tree, Satank and Eagle Heart
1884: Fence-cutting problems caused the Texas Legislature to pass a law making fence-cutting a felony
1886: A hurricane damaged or destroyed every house in the port of Indianola, which was never rebuilt
1888: State capitol in Austin dedicated
1894: Oil discovered at Corsicana by workers drilling for fresh water
1900: The "Great Storm," hurricane: the greatest natural disaster in human terms ever to strike North America, destroyed much of Galveston and killed over 6,000 people
1910: The first military air flight in a Wright brothers' plane took place in San Antonio
1918: Texas women won the right to vote in elections
1925: Miriam "Ma" Ferguson became Texas' first woman governor, she served as a figurehead for her husband, former Gov. James E. Ferguson who was impeached
1928: Democratic National Convention held in Houston
1936: The Texas Centennial Exposition opened at Dallas' Fair Park
1937: A natural gas leak beneath the London Consolitated School in Rusk County caused a massive explosion An estimated 296 students and teachers were killed
1943: A race riot in Beaumont led to a declaration of martial law
1947: A French-owned ship carrying ammonium nitrate, exploded in the Texas City Harbor followed by another explosion the next morning - the SS High Flyer. Almost 600 people were killed and over 4,000 injured. The force of the explosions created a 15-foot tidal wave
1948: Lyndon B. Johnson elected U. S. Senator
1953: Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first Texas-born President of the United States
1962: NASA opened the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston
1963: President John Kennedy assassinated in Dallas
1965: San Antonio native, Ed White, became the first American to walk in space
1966: Barbara Jordan of Houston becames the first black woman elected to the Texas Senate; Charles Whitman killed 17 people at the University of Texas campus in Austin, shooting them from the observation deck of the main-building tower
1966: Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong transmitted the first words from the surface of the moon: "Houston, the Eagle has landed"
1971: The NASA Houston/Clear Lake facility is renamed the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
1984: Republican Nat. Convention held in Dallas
1988: Houstonian George Bush elected president of the United States
1993: Federal agents stormed the compound called Mount Carmel near Waco, where cult leader David Koresh and his followers, called Branch Davidians, had reportedly been storing a large cache of assault weapons. The assault and ensuing fire killed four agents and 86 Branch Davidians; Republican Kay Bailey Hutchison became the first woman to serve as U.S. Senator from Texas
2000: Former Texas Gov. George W. Bush elected President of the United States
2001: Enron filed for bankruptcy protection
2003: Space shuttle Columbia broke apart across southeastern Texas as it descended toward its planned landing, all crew members were lost
2004: George W. Bush re-elected U. S. President
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