USA Official State Tree of Vermont

Sugar Maple

(Aceraceae Acer saccharum)

Adopted on March 10, 1949.

No. 1 of the Acts of 1949, effective March 10, 1949, designated the Sugar Maple, Aceraceae Acer saccharum,  as the official Tree. Probably no activity is so identified with Vermont as "sug'rin'," the production of maple syrup from the Sugar Maple. In late winter and early spring, sap is collected from the usually snow surrounded maple trees in a sugarbush and boiled in the sugarhouse to make syrup. In addition, the reds and yellows of the leaves of Acer saccharum are a key element in producing the scenic delights of Vermont's fall foliage.

Vermont shares its state tree, the sugar maple, with New York, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Canada. A single tree is 70-120 feet high and produces two to three pounds of sugar when "sugared-off." It has a five-lobed leaf and a small wing-shaped seed pod. In the fall the leaves turn bright yellow.

Sugar maple (Acer saccharum), sometimes called hard maple or rock maple, is one of the largest and more important of the hardwoods. It grows on approximately 12.5 million hectares (31 million acres) or 9 percent of the hardwood land and has a net volume of about 130 million m3 (26 billion fbm) or 6 percent of the hardwood sawtimber volume in the United States. The greatest commercial volumes are presently in Michigan, New York, Maine, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania (53). In most regions, both the sawtimber and growing stock volumes are increasing, with increased production of saw logs, pulpwood, and more recently, firewood.

Description:

• Leaf: Opposite, simple and palmately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, 5 lobed with entire margin; green above, paler below.
• Flower: Yellow to green, small, clustered, hanging from a long (1 to 3 inch) stem, appearing with the leaves.
• Fruit: Two-winged horseshoe-shaped samaras about 1 inch long, appearing in clusters, brown when mature in Autumn.
• Twig: Brown, slender and shiny with lighter lenticels, terminal buds brown and very sharp pointed.
• Bark: Variable, but generally grayish brown,on older trees may be furrowed, with long, thick irregular curling outward ridges.
• Form: Medium to tall tree (to 100 feet) with very dense elliptical crown.